🕓 2025/1/23
＃観光地
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Autumn in Japan is a season of breathtaking landscapes, with vibrant fall foliage captivating the hearts of many. These autumn leaves are more than just a sign of seasonal change—they are a natural work of art. From majestic mountains to meticulously designed gardens and even along urban streets, the vivid colors of autumn leaves add a special charm to our daily lives.
Japan boasts numerous renowned spots for viewing autumn foliage, each offering a unique atmosphere and picturesque scenery. In this article, we will explore the science and features behind the changing colors of leaves, introduce a carefully curated list of must-visit autumn foliage spots, and delve into the types of trees that contribute to this seasonal splendor.
Autumn foliage is a natural phenomenon typically observed in the fall, where the leaves of trees change their color from green to shades of red, yellow, orange, or brown. This transformation occurs as part of a plant’s preparation for winter. The green color of leaves comes from chlorophyll, a pigment essential for photosynthesis. However, in autumn, as temperatures drop and daylight hours shorten, chlorophyll breaks down and disappears. As a result, pigments that were previously masked by chlorophyll, such as carotenoids, become visible, giving leaves their yellow and orange hues.
On the other hand, the emergence of red hues is due to a newly produced pigment called anthocyanin. This pigment is formed when sugars accumulate in the leaves and are influenced by photosynthesis and temperature changes. It is believed that anthocyanin plays a role in protecting leaves by blocking harmful light and preserving their structure.
The brilliance of autumn foliage is greatly affected by environmental factors such as the difference between daytime and nighttime temperatures, sufficient sunlight, and appropriate levels of humidity. Ideal conditions include warm days and cool nights, which encourage the accumulation of sugars in the leaves, resulting in vivid reds and yellows.
Autumn foliage is not merely a sign of seasonal transition but a natural spectacle that captivates and delights many. In Japan, the vibrant colors of autumn leaves adorn mountains, gardens, and parks, creating breathtaking landscapes that have become symbolic of the Japanese autumn. This beautiful phenomenon, which blends nature’s wisdom and artistry, brings inspiration and tranquility to those who experience it. Behind this striking display lies a physiological adaptation that allows plants to survive the harsh winter, showcasing the harmony of natural beauty and practical function.
Autumn in Japan is a season filled with breathtaking views of vibrant foliage, offering numerous stunning spots to enjoy the fall colors. Below are three carefully selected locations that showcase the beauty of autumn. Before visiting, be sure to check the latest foliage information to plan your trip during the peak season.
1. Eikando (Zenrin-ji Temple)
Eikando (Zenrin-ji Temple), located in Kyoto's Sakyo Ward, is the head temple of the Jodo Sect Seizan Zenrin-ji branch and dates back to the early Heian period. Known as the "Temple of Maple Leaves," Eikando is home to approximately 3,000 maple trees. In autumn, the entire temple grounds are enveloped in vivid colors, with the view around the Tahoto Pagoda on the hillside being particularly breathtaking.
The best time to visit is typically from mid to late November. During this period, the temple hosts a special autumn exhibition, allowing visitors to view rare treasures. At night, the temple is illuminated, creating an ethereal atmosphere as the foliage and Hojo Pond glow under the lights, offering a completely different charm from the daytime.
2. Metasequoia Tree-Lined Avenue
Located in Makino Town, Takashima City, Shiga Prefecture, this majestic avenue stretches approximately 2.4 kilometers and features around 500 metasequoia trees. Recognized as one of the "New Japan Street Tree 100 Selections" and "Japan's Top 100 Autumn Foliage Spots," the avenue offers stunning views throughout the year.
In autumn, the leaves of the metasequoia trees turn brilliant shades of red and orange, creating a picturesque, almost surreal landscape. The peak foliage season typically occurs from late November to early December, attracting numerous visitors who come to enjoy the view by car, bicycle, or on foot.
3. Arashiyama
Arashiyama, located in Kyoto's Ukyo Ward, is a historic destination that has been cherished since the Heian period. During the autumn foliage season, the area transforms into a vivid landscape as maple trees and other foliage paint the mountains in red and yellow. The view from Togetsukyo Bridge is particularly iconic and draws countless visitors.
The best time to visit is usually from mid-November to early December. During this period, nearby temples and gardens also showcase their autumn beauty. Many locations offer nighttime illumination, allowing visitors to experience the enchanting atmosphere in a completely different light.
Japan’s autumn is brought to life by a variety of trees, each contributing its own unique hues. Below are some representative species of trees that create Japan’s iconic autumn landscapes.
1. Iroha Momiji (Japanese Maple)
The Iroha Momiji is a species of maple widely found throughout Japan. Its name derives from the resemblance of its leaves to the strokes of the Japanese “Iroha” syllabary. The leaves are deeply divided into 5 to 7 slender lobes, with pointed tips. Measuring about 5 cm, the leaves are relatively small and turn vibrant red in autumn.
Commonly planted in gardens and parks, the Iroha Momiji is beloved for its stunning autumn colors. It is native to areas along the Pacific coast and is distinguished by the absence of grooves on the upper surface of the leaf stems.
2. Yama Momiji (Mountain Maple)
The Yama Momiji grows naturally in regions ranging from Hokkaido to Japan’s Sea of Japan coast on Honshu. Its leaves, divided into 7 to 9 broader lobes, are larger than those of the Iroha Momiji, measuring 5 to 10 cm. The leaves turn deep red or orange in autumn, creating a dramatic display.
Yama Momiji thrives in natural forests and gardens, with its striking foliage particularly impressive in mountainous areas. Its leaf stems are longer, typically 4 to 6 cm, and often feature grooves on the upper surface.
3. Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum)
Native to North America, the sugar maple is famously depicted on Canada’s national flag. Reaching heights of 20 to 30 meters, its leaves feature five rounded lobes and change to vibrant shades of red, orange, and yellow in autumn.
The sugar maple is also known for its sap, which is harvested to produce maple syrup, a practice particularly popular in Canada and the northern United States.
4. Hauchiwakaede (Downy Japanese Maple)
Native to Japan, the Hauchiwakaede is a species of deciduous maple tree that grows in mountain valleys and slopes, particularly in colder regions. Its large leaves, 10 to 15 cm in diameter, are shallowly divided into 9 to 11 lobes, resembling the traditional Japanese feather fan known as "uchiwa."
In autumn, its leaves display a beautiful gradient of yellow to red, with the colors varying based on sunlight and growing conditions.
5. To Kaede (Chinese Maple)
Originally from China, the To Kaede was introduced to Japan during the Meiji period. Growing to heights of 10 to 15 meters, its leaves, with their triangular shape and glossy texture, turn vibrant yellow or red in autumn.
Renowned for its durability, this tree is often planted in urban areas as a street tree or park feature.
6. Nanakamado (Japanese Rowan)
The Nanakamado, belonging to the rose family, is distributed widely across Japan, from Hokkaido to Kyushu. It thrives in mountainous and highland regions, reaching heights of 5 to 10 meters. Its pinnately compound leaves consist of 7 to 15 smaller leaflets and turn striking shades of red or orange in autumn.
Accompanying the foliage are bright red berries that remain through winter, providing a vital food source for birds. The name “Nanakamado,” meaning “seven times burned,” reflects the wood’s high resistance to fire.
Autumn foliage is a beautiful phenomenon that epitomizes Japan's four seasons. Its vivid colors and serene landscapes have captivated people for centuries. This article explored the science behind autumn leaves, recommended must-visit locations, and highlighted the characteristics of key tree species that create this natural masterpiece.
This autumn, why not embark on a journey to experience Japan’s breathtaking autumn foliage? Whether visiting famous spots or discovering hidden gems, the vibrant hues of autumn await you.