A Detailed Explanation of the History and Overview of Noboribetsu Onsen

 

　Contents

1. Overview of Noboribetsu Onsen
2. History of Noboribetsu Onsen
   
3. Characteristics of Noboribetsu Onsen's Hot Springs
4. How to Enjoy Noboribetsu Onsen

Introduction

Noboribetsu Onsen, a representative hot spring area in Hokkaido, boasts a variety of hot spring qualities and abundant tourist resources. This region has a history of being used as a medicinal bath by the Ainu people for centuries, and it became widely known during the Edo period.

Today, many tourist spots, such as Jigokudani (Hell Valley), Oyunuma River Natural Foot Bath, and Noboribetsu Marine Park Nixe, captivate visitors. This page will provide a detailed introduction to the many charms of Noboribetsu Onsen.

1. Overview of Noboribetsu Onsen 

Noboribetsu Onsen is located in Noboribetsu City, Hokkaido, and is one of the most famous hot spring resorts in Hokkaido. The area is characterized by its landscape, formed by volcanic activity approximately 10,000 years ago, with its centerpiece being a geothermal area called "Jigokudani" (Hell Valley). This valley is often described as "hell" due to the volcanic gases that constantly spew from the ground.

One of the main attractions of Noboribetsu Onsen is its diverse range of hot spring types. There are nine different types of hot springs, each offering various health benefits, allowing visitors to experience a wide range of therapeutic effects. Some of the prominent spring types include sulfur springs, saline springs, mirabilite springs, acidic iron springs, and radium springs, all of which are believed to have healing properties for the body.

Noboribetsu Onsen also has a rich historical background, with records indicating that the Ainu people have used these hot springs as medicinal baths for centuries. During the Edo period, inns were established, and since the Meiji period, the area has flourished with visitors from all over Japan coming for therapeutic stays and sightseeing.。

The surrounding area is dotted with numerous tourist attractions, including Jigokudani, Oyunuma River Natural Foot Bath, and Noboribetsu Bear Park. Visitors can enjoy not only the hot springs but also various sightseeing spots. Additionally, Noboribetsu Onsen is known for its hot spring eggs and local sweets made from local dairy products, which are very popular.​

2. History of Noboribetsu Onsen 

Noboribetsu Onsen is a historic hot spring area that has been cherished by many people from the Ainu era to the present day, attracting visitors with its rich natural environment and diverse hot spring qualities. Below is a chronological introduction to the major events in its history.

　・Utilization During the Ainu Era

Noboribetsu Onsen has been an important place for the Ainu people for centuries. They used the hot springs in this area as medicinal baths, treating various illnesses and injuries. The hot springs were called "Nupur-Petsu" (dark-colored river) in the Ainu language, a name derived from the sulfur-laden waters that turned some rivers milky white.

Believing in the healing powers of the springs, the Ainu had a tradition of soaking in the hot springs for therapeutic purposes. This practice was connected to the ceremonial acts called "Ipetamu" in Ainu culture. The Ainu's deep-rooted coexistence with nature included the use of hot springs as a vital part of their lifestyle.

　・Records from the Edo Period

An important record in the history of Noboribetsu Onsen comes from the Edo period explorer Tokunai Mogami (1755-1836). He explored the Ezo region (now Hokkaido) during the late Edo period and documented his findings in the "Ezo Soshi" (1790). This record mentions the existence of Noboribetsu Onsen, indicating that the hot springs' benefits were already being recognized during that time.

　・Development in the Meiji Period

The commercial use of Noboribetsu Onsen advanced during the Meiji period. Omi merchant Hanbei Okada played a leading role in developing the area as a hot spring resort. In 1858, he established a therapeutic inn in Noboribetsu, allowing visitors to engage in hot spring therapy. This inn became a significant benefit for locals and travelers, increasing the popularity and recognition of Noboribetsu Onsen.​

　・Modern Development

In 1888, a major contributor to the development of Noboribetsu Onsen was Kinzō Takimoto. Seeking treatment for his wife's skin disease, he visited the natural hot springs of Noboribetsu and established "Yumoto no Takimoto" there. This inn later became known as "Daiichi Takimotokan." As his wife's condition improved due to the hot springs' effects, the inn's reputation spread, and it began to attract many visitors.

　・ Post-War to Present Day

After World War II, Noboribetsu Onsen established itself as a major tourist destination, drawing numerous visitors. Notable attractions like "Jigokudani" (Hell Valley) and "Oyunuma" have become iconic sightseeing spots of Noboribetsu Onsen. These areas have seen the development of walking trails and observation decks. Jigokudani, a phreatic explosion crater formed by volcanic activity of Mt. Hiyoriyama, continues to fascinate visitors with its high-temperature steam emissions.

3. The Characteristics of Noboribetsu Onsen's Hot Springs 

Noboribetsu Onsen is known as the "department store of hot springs" due to its wide variety of spring qualities. Below are the characteristics of eight representative types of hot springs found in Noboribetsu Onsen.

　・Sulfur Springs

Sulfur springs are one of the main types of hot springs in Noboribetsu Onsen, characterized by a distinctive sulfuric smell similar to that of boiled eggs. The water is clear and colorless when it emerges but often turns milky white upon exposure to air due to oxidation, giving it a unique appearance.

　・Saline Springs (Chloride Springs)

Saline springs, or chloride springs, are known for their colorless, transparent water and salty taste. These springs contain a high concentration of sodium chloride, similar to seawater, and are highly effective at retaining heat, earning the nickname "hot springs of heat." The most notable characteristic of saline springs is their ability to maintain body warmth after bathing, preventing post-bath chills. This is achieved as the salt forms a film on the skin, reducing sweat evaporation. These springs are particularly effective in cold weather or for those suffering from poor circulation.


　・Mirabilite Springs (Sulfate Springs)

Mirabilite springs are clear and colorless, rich in sulfates. They promote blood circulation, help alleviate high blood pressure, and aid in healing external injuries. Additionally, they are believed to be effective for joint and muscle pain, such as rheumatism and neuralgia. These springs contribute to fatigue recovery and overall health improvement, making them popular among many visitors.

　・Aluminum Springs

Aluminum springs, characterized by their tea-brown water, contain aluminum ions. This type of spring is known for its strong warming effect and is beneficial for treating anemia and chronic eczema. The high heat retention makes these springs ideal for those suffering from poor circulation.

　・Iron Springs

Iron springs are rich in iron content. The water is clear when it emerges but oxidizes upon exposure to air, turning reddish-brown. These springs are beneficial for treating anemia as they contain iron in a form that is easily absorbed by the body. Additionally, they are effective for chronic eczema and skin inflammation. Iron springs have a distinctive metallic taste and are suitable for iron supplementation.

　・Acidic Springs

Acidic springs, known for their strong antibacterial properties, are another unique feature of Noboribetsu Onsen. These clear, colorless springs are highly effective for skin disinfection and treating skin conditions such as eczema, athlete’s foot, and atopic dermatitis. Bathing in these springs can keep the skin clean and is also expected to have beautifying effects.

　・Bicarbonate Springs

Bicarbonate springs are known for their cleansing action, often referred to as "beauty springs." They help heal cuts, burns, and chronic skin diseases, leaving the skin feeling smooth and moist after bathing.

　・Radium Springs

Radium springs are clear, colorless, and contain trace amounts of radioactive elements. These springs are known to alleviate symptoms of neuralgia, rheumatism, and joint pain. The radioactive substance (radon) in the springs can be absorbed into the body through bathing and inhaling the steam, promoting health and boosting the immune system. When used appropriately, radium springs are considered highly effective therapeutic baths.

4. How to Enjoy Noboribetsu Onsen 

Noboribetsu Onsen offers not only hot springs but also various sightseeing spots and activities. Below are some key points on how to enjoy Noboribetsu Onsen.

　・Jigokudani (Hell Valley)

Jigokudani is the most famous tourist spot in Noboribetsu Onsen, formed by volcanic activity approximately 10,000 years ago. This explosion crater, with a diameter of about 450 meters and an area of approximately 11 hectares, offers a rugged landscape with steam rising from geysers and fumaroles. Especially at "Taisho Hell," you can witness the phenomenon where hot spring water changes into seven different colors due to oxidation, captivating visitors with its beauty.​

　・Oyunuma River Natural Foot Bath

A short walk from Jigokudani, the Oyunuma River Natural Foot Bath is a spot where you can enjoy a foot bath in the midst of a lush forest. This river, with hot spring water at about 40 degrees Celsius, stretches for one kilometer, allowing tourists to experience the natural blessing while trekking and spending a relaxing time. The footbath is especially enchanting at night when it is illuminated.​

　・Noboribetsu Marine Park Nixe
Noboribetsu Marine Park Nixe, centered around the Nordic-style "Nixe Castle," is an aquarium particularly popular with families. The park offers various performances, including penguin parades, dolphin shows, and sea lion shows. Additionally, visitors can enjoy the Crystal Tower, which stands 8 meters tall, and the Aqua Tunnel, which makes you feel as if you are walking under the sea, providing a diverse range of experiences.

　・Noboribetsu Date Jidaimura

Noboribetsu Date Jidaimura is a theme park that recreates the atmosphere of the Edo period, offering visitors a historical experience. This park features various activities, including courtesan shows, samurai performances, and ninja shows, allowing visitors to feel the culture and customs of the Edo period. Visitors can enjoy a maze, haunted house-style attractions, and Edo-period-themed dining in an atmosphere that feels like stepping back in time, complete with staff dressed in Edo-era costumes. The courtesan show at the "Japanese Traditional Culture Theater" is a must-see event.

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 In Conclusion 

Noboribetsu Onsen is one of Japan's premier hot spring resorts, boasting rich nature, history, and diverse hot spring qualities. Loved by many since ancient times, this area has provided healing and enjoyment from Ainu culture to the present day.

Noboribetsu Onsen, a fusion of hot springs and tourism, will create special memories for all visitors. We hope this guide will be helpful in planning your next trip.