A Detailed Guide to the History and Overview of Izumo Taisha

 

　Contents:

1. Overview of Izumo Taisha
2. History of Izumo Taisha
3. Highlights of Izumo Taisha
   

Introduction

Izumo Taisha is a shrine renowned throughout Japan for its significant role in Japanese mythology. It enshrines Ōkuninushi no Ōkami, a deity worshipped for marriage and good relationships, as well as for his role in the creation of the nation. As a sacred place for matchmaking and nation-building, it attracts numerous visitors seeking blessings. The shrine's history dates back to ancient texts such as the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki, with records suggesting it existed even before the 7th century. To this day, the shrine's magnificent architecture and mythological heritage continue to captivate people.

In this article, we will delve into the rich history and notable highlights of Izumo Taisha.

1. Overview of Izumo Taisha 

Izumo Taisha, located in Izumo City, Shimane Prefecture, is one of the oldest and most important shrines in Japan, deeply connected to both mythology and history. It enshrines Ōkuninushi no Ōkami, a deity known for marriage and nation-building. As a central figure in the mythological tales of "Kuni-Yuzuri" (the transfer of land) and "En-Musubi" (marriage), many worshippers visit Izumo Taisha to pray for good relationships, family harmony, and business prosperity.​

The exact date of its founding is unclear, but it is believed to have existed before the 7th century, as referenced in ancient texts such as the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki. In ancient times, the shrine's main structure was said to have stood at an impressive height of around 48 meters. Today, the 24-meter-high main hall remains, making it one of the largest shrine buildings in Japan. The main hall, rebuilt in 1744, features the ancient "Taisha-zukuri" style, Japan’s oldest architectural style for shrines. This style is characterized by its massive pillars and steeply sloped roof, and is widely regarded as the prototype of shrine architecture.

Every October (the "Month of the Gods" according to the lunar calendar), it is believed that deities from all over Japan gather at Izumo Taisha for divine meetings, a ritual known as "Kamihakari." This event, known as the "Kamiari Festival," is a special time when all the gods assemble in Izumo, while the rest of Japan refers to the same month as "Kaminazuki" or "the month without gods." This belief further strengthens Izumo Taisha's reputation as the sacred site of matchmaking.​

The main hall (honden) is designated as an Important Cultural Property of Japan, and its grandeur leaves visitors in awe. In front of the main hall stands the haiden (worship hall), where a giant sacred rope (shimenawa), measuring 13.5 meters in length and weighing approximately 5 tons, hangs, emphasizing the sacredness of the space. Other notable features include the Kaguraden (hall for traditional sacred dance) and the Jukusha (nineteen shrines for hosting various gods), all of which make Izumo Taisha a must-visit for those interested in Japanese culture and spirituality.

2. History of Izumo Taisha 

Izumo Taisha, located in Izumo City, Shimane Prefecture, enshrines Ōkuninushi no Ōkami, a deity widely worshipped for marriage and nation-building. Historically, the following key events are recorded:

　1. Foundation and Legend (Unknown - Before the 7th Century) 

※mage is for illustration purposes. 

The exact date of Izumo Taisha's founding is not recorded, but it appears in Japan’s oldest historical texts, the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki. According to these records, Ōkuninushi no Ōkami is said to have built the nation of Japan and conducted the ritual of "Kuni-Yuzuri" (transfer of land) in the Izumo region. From this legend, Izumo Taisha has been revered since ancient times as the shrine of the god of marriage and nation-building.

In the early 2000s, excavations revealed giant pillars (formed by bundling three cedar trees), providing evidence of a grand ancient structure that existed in the past.

　2. Circa 950 - First Written Records 

Izumo Taisha is first mentioned in historical documents around the year 950 during the Heian period. At this time, it was recorded that the main shrine building reached a height of 48 meters, making it the tallest wooden structure in Japan. This towering structure reflected the Shinto worldview of the gods residing above humans.

The discovery of ancient pillar remains further confirmed the likelihood that this massive building indeed existed.

　3. 1744 - Reconstruction of the Main Shrine  

※mage is for illustration purposes. 

In 1744, the current main hall was rebuilt in the ancient "Taisha-zukuri" style, Japan’s oldest shrine architecture. Although the building’s height was reduced to 24 meters, its grand structure remains intact today and has been designated an Important Cultural Property of Japan. After this reconstruction, Izumo Taisha solidified its status as a pilgrimage site, attracting many worshippers from across the nation.

　4. 1881 - Reconstruction of the Shinmon Gate 

In 1881 (Meiji 14), the symbolic structure of Izumo Taisha, the Shinmon (Main Gate), was rebuilt. The Shinmon is the key gate through which visitors pass when entering the sacred grounds of the shrine and stands at the center of the Izumo Taisha complex. This reconstruction was part of efforts to align the shrine with the new era following the Meiji Restoration, symbolizing the continuation of Izumo Taisha’s faith into modern times.

The Shinmon, with its impressive structure, creates a striking impression on visitors as they step into the sacred area. This reconstruction helped welcome even more visitors, and today the Shinmon remains a cherished landmark of the shrine.

　5. 2013 - The Heisei Era Grand Renewal 

At Izumo Taisha, a "grand renewal" (Sengū) is conducted every 60 years to restore the main hall and other key buildings. The Heisei-era grand renewal took place between 2008 and 2013, and after five years of extensive restoration, the enshrined deity Ōkuninushi no Ōkami was ceremonially returned to the main hall in May 2013. This sacred ritual, in which the deity is transferred from the old building to the newly restored one, is held to rejuvenate the god’s power.

The renewal brought a fresh sense of beauty and sanctity to Izumo Taisha for modern-day worshippers.

3. Highlights of Izumo Taisha 

Izumo Taisha offers many must-see spots due to its magnificent architecture and rich historical background. Here are some of the main places to visit during your pilgrimage:

　■ Main Hall 

The main hall of Izumo Taisha, rebuilt in 1744, is designated as a National Important Cultural Property. This hall features the "Taisha-zukuri" style, the oldest shrine architectural style in Japan. Standing at 24 meters, it is one of the tallest shrine buildings in Japan. Historically, it was believed to have been even taller, reaching 48 meters, showcasing the advanced architectural skills of ancient times.

The main hall is surrounded by two fences, and while visitors can only approach the outer fence, they can still admire the grandeur of the hall from outside the enclosure.

　■ Kaguraden (Kagura Hall) 

Rebuilt in 1981, the Kaguraden is a large building famous for housing the largest shimenawa (sacred straw rope) in Japan. The shimenawa is 13.5 meters long and weighs approximately 5 tons, making it an awe-inspiring sight. It is believed to hold divine energy, offering particularly powerful blessings to worshippers.

The Kaguraden also hosts traditional kagura performances, a sacred dance, and serves as a venue for rituals such as weddings.

　■ Worship Hall and Four Torii Gates 

Izumo Taisha is home to four torii gates, with the most famous being the "Second Torii" located on the southern side, notable for its unique metal design. Passing through the torii leads you into the sacred grounds, where a path leads to the grand worship hall.

The worship hall is where visitors offer prayers before the gods, making it a key stop along the extensive shrine grounds. The pathway, lined with torii gates and pine trees, offers a tranquil and sacred atmosphere for all who visit.

　■ Musubi no Okami Statue 

The Musubi no Okami statue is one of the symbolic statues of Izumo Taisha, depicting the god Ōkuninushi no Ōkami receiving his power as the god of marriage. This statue represents the moment in mythology when Ōkuninushi became the god of relationships and family ties. Worshippers often pray in front of this statue for marriage, family prosperity, and other blessings. It is said to be a place where one can feel the power of the gods, radiating from the figure of Ōkuninushi.

　■ Shinmon Street 

Shinmon Street is the main approach leading to Izumo Taisha, stretching for about 700 meters. This lively street is lined with local specialty shops and eateries where visitors can enjoy famous Izumo soba noodles and zenzai (sweet red bean soup). Many stores sell "matchmaking" goods and souvenirs, reflecting Izumo Taisha's reputation as the shrine for fostering relationships. Before or after your visit to the shrine, exploring this street allows you to savor the local flavors and pick up keepsakes.

　■ Ancient Izumo Museum 

Located near Izumo Taisha, the Ancient Izumo History Museum offers insights into the history and culture of ancient Izumo. The museum exhibits bronze artifacts, weapons, and excavated items designated as National Important Cultural Properties. Highlights include a 1/10 scale model of the former towering structure of Izumo Taisha and three giant pillars known as "Uzubashira."

These pillars once supported the shrine’s structure when it was said to have stood at 48 meters tall. Visiting the museum allows you to deepen your understanding of Izumo Taisha’s history and the ancient faiths of Japan.

　■ Inasa Beach 

Izumo Taisha reflects Japan's ancient myths and history, and its majestic architecture and rich culture continue to inspire many people today. As a sacred site for matchmaking and the host of the Kamiari Festival, where gods from all over Japan gather each year, Izumo Taisha is an indispensable part of Japan’s Shinto faith.

Each visit offers a profound experience, allowing visitors to feel the divine atmosphere and explore the history and culture of Izumo Taisha. We invite you to visit Izumo Taisha to discover its sacred presence and the depth of its historical significance.​

 Conclusion 

Izumo Taisha is a shrine deeply rooted in Japan’s ancient mythology and history, with its majestic architecture and rich culture continuing to inspire people even today. Known as a sacred site for matchmaking and the host of the annual Kamiari Festival, where gods from all over Japan gather, Izumo Taisha holds a vital role in Japan’s Shinto faith.

Each visit offers the opportunity to feel its sacred atmosphere and experience the deep history and culture of Izumo Taisha, leaving visitors with a sense of spiritual cleansing. As you unravel its history, we encourage you to visit Izumo Taisha and discover its profound significance firsthand.