A detailed explanation of the history and overview of Fushimi Inari Taisha Shrine

 

　Table of Contents

1. Overview of Fushimi Inari Taisha
2. History of Fushimi Inari Taisha
3. Highlights of Fushimi Inari Taisha
   
   

Introduction

This article provides a detailed introduction to the overview, history, and highlights of Fushimi Inari Taisha. Located in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto City, Fushimi Inari Taisha is the head shrine of approximately 30,000 Inari shrines across Japan. Known for its beautiful Senbon Torii (thousands of torii gates) and rich historical background, it continues to attract many worshippers and tourists. Through this article, we hope you will fully appreciate the charm of Fushimi Inari Taisha and find it helpful when planning your visit.

1. Overview of Fushimi Inari Taisha

Fushimi Inari Taisha is a shrine located in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto City, and it serves as the head shrine for around 30,000 Inari shrines across Japan. It is a popular spot for tourists from both Japan and abroad, continuously captivating many worshippers and tourists with its beautiful and majestic tunnels of torii gates and its historical background. As the center of Inari worship, it is believed to bring blessings for business prosperity, bountiful harvests, and household safety.

The shrine has a long history, dating back to its founding in 711 during the Nara period. From its inception, the three peaks of Mount Inari were revered as deities, and the main shrine was established at the base of the mountain. This shrine has been widely worshipped, especially as the god of commerce, attracting devotion from many merchants and businesses.

The most notable feature is the Senbon Torii, a tunnel of vermillion torii gates. These gates have been donated by worshippers and businesses, lining the pathways of the shrine and the trails up the mountain. It is said that the total number of torii exceeds 10,000, creating an awe-inspiring sight for visitors.

The shrine grounds are vast, with the entire Mount Inari considered sacred. Visitors can walk along the paths from the main shrine to the summit, passing by numerous smaller shrines and torii gates along the way. The round trip to the Okusha Hohaisho takes about two hours, and from the Yotsutsuji intersection, you can enjoy a panoramic view of Kyoto City. Along the paths, there are also teahouses and souvenir shops, adding to the enjoyment of the visit.

Fushimi Inari Taisha is conveniently located just a short walk from Inari Station on the JR Nara Line, making it easily accessible from Kyoto City. It is also about a five-minute walk from Fushimi Inari Station on the Keihan Line. When visiting, be sure to pass through the Senbon Torii and explore Mount Inari to fully experience its charm.

2. History of Fushimi Inari Taisha

■ Nara Period (710-794)

The founding of Fushimi Inari Taisha dates back to the Nara period. In 711 (Wadō 4), a man named Irogu-no-Hatano-kimi enshrined the deity Inari Ōkami on one of the three peaks of Mount Inari. According to legend, Hata-no-Irogu shot an arrow at a rice cake, which then transformed into a white bird and flew away. The bird landed on a spot where rice grew, leading to the construction of a shrine at that location.

■ Heian Period (794-1185)

During the Heian period, Inari shrines became widely known by the name "Inari." In this era, Inari Ōkami was revered as the god of prosperity and good fortune, particularly in 827 (Tenchō 4), when Emperor Junna fell ill. It was believed that he was cursed for cutting a sacred tree on Mount Inari, leading to an apology and the granting of a divine rank to Inari Ōkami. This event significantly boosted the shrine's prominence, and by 942 (Tengyō 5), the deity had attained the highest rank of "Shōichii" (Senior First Rank).

■ Muromachi Period (1336-1573)

In the Muromachi period, Fushimi Inari Taisha continued to flourish. However, the Onin War, which began in 1467, resulted in the destruction of many shrine buildings. The shrine was rebuilt in 1499 (Meiō 8) through the efforts of itinerant priests who promoted Inari worship.

■ Azuchi-Momoyama Period (1573-1603)

In 1588 (Tenshō 16), Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the regent, rebuilt the Romon gate to pray for his mother's recovery from illness. The influence of the Toyotomi family during this period further increased the shrine's following.

■ Edo Period (1603-1868)

During the Edo period, Inari worship spread among both the shogunate and the common people. Under the influence of Edo shogunate's senior councilor Tanuma Okitsugu, the practice of worshipping Inari spread widely, leading to a significant increase in the number of devotees. During this time, the tradition of donating torii gates flourished, and the shrine saw a large influx of visitors.

■ Meiji Period and Beyond (1868-Present)

With the onset of the Meiji period, the government issued decrees separating Shinto and Buddhism, leading to the removal of Buddhist temples and statues from the shrine grounds. Despite these changes, Fushimi Inari Taisha continued to attract many followers and celebrated its 1300th anniversary in 2011.

Fushimi Inari Taisha has been a significant place of worship from ancient times to the present day, attracting many people due to its historical and cultural value. When visiting, take the time to appreciate its rich history.

3. Highlights of Fushimi Inari Taisha

Fushimi Inari Taisha continues to captivate many worshippers and tourists with its beautiful scenery and rich history. When visiting, enjoy the sacred atmosphere and natural beauty by exploring these highlights.

■ Senbon Torii (Thousand Torii Gates)

One of the most iconic features of Fushimi Inari Taisha is the countless vermillion torii gates that line the pathways. These torii, donated by worshippers and businesses, create an awe-inspiring sight. The tradition dates back to the Edo period, with the vermillion color symbolizing vitality and the power of the earth. Walking through these gates, visitors can feel the sacred energy.

■ Omokaru Stone

The "Omokaru Stone" at Fushimi Inari Taisha is located at the Okusha Hohaisho. It refers to the two stones atop a pair of stone lanterns. Visitors lift these stones while silently making a wish to determine whether their wish will come true. If the stone feels lighter than expected, the wish is believed to come true; if heavier, it suggests the wish may be difficult to fulfill. Before lifting the stone, it's important to focus calmly on the wish, as the perceived weight can change based on the person's mental state and concentration.

■ Romon Gate

The Romon Gate was donated by Toyotomi Hideyoshi in 1589, praying for his mother's recovery from illness. This gate features Japanese architectural designs and is notable for its grandeur. Serving as the main entrance to Fushimi Inari Taisha, it welcomes many visitors.

The Romon Gate is constructed in the "sanmon ichinotō" style, with a hip-and-gable roof covered with cypress bark. Painted in vermillion, it stands out while harmonizing with the surrounding landscape. The inscription on the gate reflects Hideyoshi's vow to donate if his mother's health improved, which he fulfilled after her recovery.

■ Main Hall (Honden)

The Main Hall of Fushimi Inari Taisha, rebuilt in 1499, enshrines the primary deity, Inari Ōkami. The architectural style is called "nagare-zukuri" with a distinctively long, sweeping roof made of cypress bark. This style prevents rainwater from accumulating on the grounds.

In front of the main hall are the inner and outer worship halls. Visitors offer their prayers at these halls, with the inner hall allowing close access to the shrine, and the outer hall serving as a spacious area for ceremonies. The opulent architecture from the Azuchi-Momoyama period features intricate decorations, showcasing exceptional craftsmanship, contributing to its designation as an Important Cultural Property.

■ Ichinomine (Upper Shrine Peak)

Ichinomine, the highest peak of Mount Inari at 233 meters, is a sacred site where Suehiro Ōkami is enshrined. Pilgrims follow the "oyamameguri" route, a traditional path around the shrine grounds leading to the summit. The path is lined with numerous torii gates and small shrines, offering rest spots such as Yotsutsuji. Reaching the summit, visitors are rewarded with stunning views of Kyoto City. At Ichinomine, visitors can pray to Suehiro Ōkami, seeking fulfillment of their wishes.

■ Okusha Hohaisho (Inner Shrine Worship Area)

Located beyond the Senbon Torii, the Okusha Hohaisho is an important site for worshiping Mount Inari from afar. It serves as the starting point for climbing Mount Inari, known as the "oyamameguri." This pilgrimage involves visiting the three peaks of Mount Inari, deepening the spiritual experience. The route includes many small shrines and altars, each dedicated to different deities, offering a rich journey of faith.

These highlights showcase the unique blend of natural beauty and spiritual significance that makes Fushimi Inari Taisha a cherished destination. Enjoy exploring and experiencing its rich history and vibrant culture.

Conclusion

Since its founding in the Nara period, Fushimi Inari Taisha has continued to attract the faith of many people seeking blessings for business prosperity and abundant harvests. The shrine features numerous attractions, including the Senbon Torii, Omokaru Stone, Romon Gate, Main Hall, Ichinomine, and Okusha Hohaisho, captivating all who visit. Its beautiful scenery and rich history provide a unique and special experience for worshippers and tourists from both Japan and abroad.

Through this article, we hope you have gained an appreciation for the charm of Fushimi Inari Taisha and that it will serve as a useful reference when you visit. We encourage you to witness the sacred space where history and culture intertwine with your own eyes.